Compare Qatar (2001) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)

Compare Qatar (2001) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)

	Qatar (2001)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)

Administrative divisions	9 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Salal	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 25.77% (male 101,155; female 97,086) 15-64 years: 71.75% (male 391,178; female 160,665) 65 years and over: 2.48% (male 13,625; female 5,443) (2001 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish	-
Airports	4 (2000 est.)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 over 3,047 m: 2 (2000 est.)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.)	-
Area	total: 11,437 sq km land: 11,437 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have a per capita income not far below the leading industrial countries of Western Europe.	The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.
Birth rate	15.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $3.9 billion expenditures: $4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)	-
Capital	Doha	-
Climate	desert; hot, dry; humid and sultry in summer	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	563 km	NA km
Constitution	provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution	-
Country name	conventional long form: State of Qatar conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none abbreviation: SGSSI
Currency	Qatari rial (QAR)	-
Death rate	4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Debt - external	$13.1 billion (2000 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Elizabeth Davenport MCKUNE embassy: 22 February Road, Doha mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha telephone: [974] 488 4101 FAX: [974] 488 4298 note: workweek is Saturday-Wednesday	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061 consulate(s) general: Houston	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	in March of 2001, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the Hawar Islands to Bahrain and adjusted its maritime boundary with Qatar; a final border resolution was agreed to with Saudi Arabia in March of 2001	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	Oil accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 80% of export earnings, and 66% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.7 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to that of the leading West European industrial countries. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 7 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total, third largest in the world. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore petroleum and the diversification of the economy. In 2000, Qatar posted its highest ever trade surplus of $6 billion, due mainly to high oil prices and increased natural gas exports.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption	8.37 billion kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - production	9 billion kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea	-
Ethnic groups	Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%	-
Exchange rates	Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.6400 (fixed rate)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince JASSIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected crown prince by the monarch 22 October 1996); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of minister of defense and commander-in-chief of the armed forces head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary note: in March 1999 Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council, which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services	-
Exports	$9.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)	-
Exports - commodities	petroleum products 80%, fertilizers, steel	-
Exports - partners	Japan 52%, Singapore 9%, South Korea 8%, US, UAE (1998)	-
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	-
Flag description	maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $15.1 billion (2000 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 49% services: 50% (1996 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $20,300 (2000 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	4% (2000 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	25 30 N, 51 15 E	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia
Heliports	1 (2000 est.)	-
Highways	total: 1,230 km paved: 1,107 km unpaved: 123 km (1996)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$3.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals	-
Imports - partners	UK 10%, Japan 8%, Germany 6%, US 6%, Italy 6% (1998)	-
Independence	3 September 1971 (from UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement	-
Infant mortality rate	21.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.5% (2000)	-
International organization participation	ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	80 sq km (1993 est.)	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal	-
Labor force	233,000 (1993 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 60 km border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 1% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 5% forests and woodland: 0% other: 94% (1993 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)
Languages	Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language	-
Legal system	discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law is significant in personal matters	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed) note: the constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held since 1970, when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have their terms extended every four years since	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 72.62 years male: 70.16 years female: 75.21 years (2001 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79% male: 79% female: 80% (1995 est.)	-
Location	Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	Middle East	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 677,992 GRT/1,049,447 DWT ships by type: cargo 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 7, petroleum tanker 6 (2000 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Army, Navy, Air Force, Public Security	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$723 million (FY00/01)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	10% (FY00/01)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 312,116 note: includes non-nationals (2001 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 163,642 (2001 est.)	-
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 6,797 (2001 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 3 September (1971)	-
Nationality	noun: Qatari(s) adjective: Qatari	-
Natural hazards	haze, dust storms, sandstorms common	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, fish	fish
Net migration rate	20.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Pipelines	crude oil 235 km; natural gas 400 km	-
Political parties and leaders	none	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	769,152 (July 2001 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	3.18% (2001 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id)	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998)	0 (2003)
Radios	256,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Muslim 95%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.43 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 2.5 male(s)/female total population: 1.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.)	-
Suffrage	suffrage is limited to municipal elections	-
Telephone system	general assessment: modern system centered in Doha domestic: NA international: tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	142,000 (1997)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	43,476 (1997)	-
Television broadcast stations	2 (plus three repeaters) (1997)	0 (2003)
Terrain	mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	3.17 children born/woman (2001 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	NA%	-
Waterways	none	-

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